Strategic Response to Homelessness in Portland

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Rapid Response crews clean up an encampment on May 11, 2022

Portland has been tackling homelessness for many years and as well as mental health challenges, substance abuse, and economic disparities. In response, the city has implemented a various approach aimed at providing immediate relief and long-term solutions.

Between 2015 and 2023, Portland experienced a 65% increase in homelessness, rising from 1,887 to 6,297 individuals. Despite investing $1.7 billion in affordable housing and related services during this period, the demand continues to outrun supply. The city recorded, 35,550 residents received housing subsidies in 2022, and 13,190 individuals were assisted in securing permanent housing. However, many still face prolonged waiting periods for affordable housing options.​

Along with the homelessness crisis, a significant portion of the homeless population struggles with untreated mental health conditions and substance abuse. Estimates suggest that 58% to 88% of individuals living on the streets are affected by substance use, with fentanyl being a particularly deadly and prevalent drug.

Mayor Wheeler: Portland's Homeless and Mental Health Crisis - YouTube

In May 2024, the Portland City Council approved a revised public camping ordinance, introduced by May Ted Wheeler, which is a regulation clarifying the definition of camping, prohibits camping for individuals who decline reasonable shelter offers, and emphasizes diversion over criminal sanctions.


To resolve the issue, Mayor Ted Wheeler established Portland Solutions on July 1, 2024. This centralized program hub leads various programs addressing homelessness and livability challenges, aiming for more effective ways to get to individuals who are in need.


To address immediate need, Portland has expanded temporary shelters:



River District Navigation Center

River District Navigation Center: Managed by Transitions Projects offering shelter beds for up to 90 individuals and providing necessary amenities. 


Safe Rest Villages: Alternative shelters serve as transitional spaces for individuals moving from street living to permanent housing. The program includes Portland's first RV Safe Park, catering to those residing in vehicles. 


Most fast and popular service available is 2-1-1. You can easily call for any services and they can respond in over 150 languages. 211 is everyone's front door to information on more than 7,000 nonprofit, government and faith-based health and social services programs in Oregon and Southwest Washington.


Portland's comprehensive approach to homelessness reflects a commitment to addressing both immediate needs and underlying causes. Through innovative shelter solutions, policy reforms, and collaborative efforts, the city strives to create a more inclusive and supportive environment for all residents.



Sources


City of Portland. (2024). Portland Solutions. Retrieved May 6, 2025, from https://www.portland.gov/portland-solutions​


City of Portland. (2024). Homelessness and Behavioral Health. Retrieved May 6, 2025, from https://www.portland.gov/wheeler/homelessness​


City of Portland. (2024). Clinton Triangle Temporary Alternative Shelter Site. Retrieved May 6, 2025, from https://www.portland.gov/wheeler/clinton-triangle-1490-se-gideon-st












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